In R, the if statement is used for conditional execution of code. It allows you to specify a condition, and if that condition is true, a certain block of code is executed. If the condition is false, you can optionally specify an else block to be executed.
Here’s the basic syntax of an if statement in R:
if (condition) {
# Code to be executed if the condition is true
} else {
# Code to be executed if the condition is false (optional)
}
Here’s a breakdown of how it works:
- condition is a logical expression that evaluates to either TRUE or FALSE. If the condition is TRUE, the code within the first block is executed. If the condition is FALSE, the code within the else block (if present) is executed.
]
Here’s a simple example:
x <- 10
if (x > 5) {
print(“x is greater than 5”)
} else {
print(“x is not greater than 5”)
}
In this example, x is assigned the value 10, and the if statement checks whether x is greater than 5. Since the condition is true, it will print “x is greater than 5” to the console.
You can also use nested if statements for more complex conditions:
x <- 10
y <- 15
if (x > y) {
print(“x is greater than y”)
} else if (x < y) {
print(“x is less than y”)
} else {
print(“x is equal to y”)
}
In this case, it will print “x is less than y” because the second condition (x < y) is true.
You can also use logical operators like && (and) and || (or) to create more complex conditions within the if statement.
age <- 25
income <- 50000
if (age >= 18 && income >= 30000) {
print(“You are eligible for a loan”)
} else {
print(“You are not eligible for a loan”)
}
This example checks both age and income conditions, and if both are true, it prints “You are eligible for a loan.”
The if statement is a fundamental building block for implementing decision-making and control flow in R programs.
